Measuring stress levels in loaded structures is crucial to assess and monitor structure health and to predict the length of remaining structural life. Many ultrasonic methods are able to accurately predict in-plane stresses inside a controlled laboratory environment but struggle to be robust outside, in a real-world setting. This paper presents an ultrasonic method to evaluate the in-plane stress in situ directly, without knowing any material constants. The method is simple in principle, as it only requires measuring the speed of two angled shear waves.
Initial stresses originate in soft materials by the occurrence of misfits in the undeformed microstructure. Since the reference configuration is not stress-free, the effects of initial stresses on the hyperelastic behavior must be constitutively …
We introduce a fundamental restriction on the strain energy function and stress tensor for initially stressed elastic solids. The restriction applies to strain energy functions W that are explicit functions of the elastic deformation gradient F and …
We prove theoretically that when a soft solid is subjected to an extreme deformation, wrinkles can form on its surface at an angle that is oblique to a principal direction of stretch. These oblique wrinkles occur for a strain that is smaller than the …
Many interesting shapes appearing in the biological world are formed by the onset of mechanical instability. In this work we consider how the build-up of residual stress can cause a solid to buckle. In all past studies a fictitious (virtual) …
Living matter can functionally adapt to external physical factors by developing internal tensions, easily revealed by cutting experiments. Nonetheless, residual stresses intrinsically have a complex spatial distribution, and destructive techniques …
This MSc thesis is an exploration into the qualitative and quantitative behaviour of wave propagation with radial symmetry in materials which are prestressed elastic, isotropic and homogeneous. This type of model approximates an explosion in a solid, …
How do we mathematically describe the stresses and deformation of anisotropic soft solids.